Ukwelashwa kokushisainqubo lapho izinto zensimbi zishiswa, zigcinwe zifudumele futhi zipholile endaweni ethile, futhi izakhiwo zazo zilawulwa ngokushintsha isakhiwo se-metallographic ebusweni noma ngaphakathi kwempahla.
Izici zenqubo
Ukwelashwa kokushisa kwensimbi kungenye yezinqubo ezibalulekile ekwenziweni kwemishini.Uma kuqhathaniswa nobunye ubuchwepheshe bokucutshungulwa, ukwelashwa kokushisa ngokuvamile akushintshi ukwakheka kanye nengqikithi yamakhemikhali yocezu lokusebenza, kodwa kushintsha ukwakheka kwe-microstructure ngaphakathi kwendawo yokusebenza noma kushintsha ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali kwendawo yokusebenza., ukunikeza noma ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwe-workpiece.Ibonakala ngokuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yangaphakathi ye-workpiece, ngokuvamile engabonakali ngeso lenyama.
Ukuze wenze i-workpiece yensimbi ibe nezakhiwo ezidingekayo zemishini, izakhiwo zomzimba kanye nezakhiwo zamakhemikhali, ngaphezu kokukhethwa okunengqondo kwezinto kanye nezinqubo ezihlukahlukene zokwakha, inqubo yokwelapha ukushisa ngokuvamile ibalulekile.Insimbi iyinto esetshenziswa kakhulu embonini yemishini.I-microstructure yensimbi iyinkimbinkimbi futhi ingalawulwa ngokwelashwa kokushisa.Ngakho-ke, ukwelashwa kokushisa kwensimbi kungukuqukethwe okuyinhloko kokwelashwa kokushisa kwensimbi.Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-aluminium, ithusi, i-magnesium, i-titanium, njll kanye nama-alloys abo nawo angaphathwa ngokushisa ukuze ashintshe izakhiwo zabo zemishini, ngokomzimba namakhemikhali ukuze bathole ukusebenza okuhlukile.
Inqubo yokwelapha ukushisa
Inqubo yokwelapha ukushisa ngokuvamile ihlanganisa izinqubo ezintathu zokushisisa, ukugcinwa kokushisa nokupholisa, futhi ngezinye izikhathi kuba nezinqubo ezimbili kuphela zokushisisa nokupholisa.
Ukushisa kungenye yezinqubo ezibalulekile zokwelapha ukushisa.Kunezindlela eziningi zokushisa zokwelashwa kokushisa kwensimbi.Ukusetshenziswa kokuqala kwamalahle namalahle njengemithombo yokushisa, bese kuba ukusetshenziswa kwezinto zokubasa eziwuketshezi negesi.Ukusetshenziswa kukagesi kwenza ukushisa kube lula ukulawula futhi kungabi nokungcoliswa kwemvelo.Le mithombo yokushisa ingasetshenziselwa ukushisa okuqondile noma ukushisa okungaqondile ngosawoti noma izinsimbi ezincibilikisiwe, kanye nezinhlayiya ezintantayo.
Lapho insimbi ishisa, i-workpiece ivezwa emoyeni, futhi i-oxidation kanye ne-decarburization kuvame ukwenzeka (okungukuthi, okuqukethwe kwekhabhoni ebusweni bengxenye yensimbi kuyancishiswa), okunomthelela omubi kakhulu ezindaweni ezingaphezulu zensimbi. izingxenye emva kokwelashwa kokushisa.Ngakho-ke, insimbi kufanele ivame ukushiswa endaweni elawulwayo noma emkhathini ovikelayo, kusawoti oncibilikisiwe kanye ne-vacuum, futhi ingavikelwa futhi ngezindlela zokumboza noma zokupakisha.
Ukushisa kokushisa kungenye yemingcele yenqubo ebalulekile yenqubo yokwelapha ukushisa.Ukukhethwa nokulawula ukushisa okushisa kuyinkinga enkulu yokuqinisekisa ikhwalithi yokwelashwa kokushisa.Izinga lokushisa lokushisa liyahlukahluka ngezinto zensimbi okufanele zicutshungulwe kanye nenjongo yokwelashwa kokushisa, kodwa ngokuvamile kushisa ngaphezu kwezinga lokushisa lokushintsha kwesigaba ukuze kutholwe isakhiwo esiphezulu.Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuguqulwa kuthatha isikhathi esithile, ngakho-ke lapho ubuso bomsebenzi wensimbi bufinyelela izinga lokushisa lokushisa elidingekayo, kufanele ligcinwe kulokhu kushisa isikhathi esithile ukwenza ukushisa kwangaphakathi nangaphandle kuhambisane kanye ne-microstructure. izinguquko ngokuphelele.Lesi sikhathi sibizwa ngokuthi isikhathi sokubamba.Uma kusetshenziswa ukushisisa okunamandla amakhulu kanye nokwelashwa kokushisa okungaphezulu, isivinini sokushisisa siyashesha kakhulu, futhi ngokuvamile asikho isikhathi sokubamba, kuyilapho isikhathi sokubamba sokwelashwa kwamakhemikhali sivame ukuba side.
Ukupholisa futhi kuyisinyathelo esibalulekile enqubweni yokwelapha ukushisa.Indlela yokupholisa iyahlukahluka ngezinqubo ezahlukene, ikakhulukazi ezilawula izinga lokupholisa.Ngokuvamile, izinga lokupholisa le-annealing lihamba kancane, izinga lokupholisa lokujwayelekile liyashesha, futhi izinga lokupholisa lokucisha liyashesha.Nokho, kunezidingo ezahlukene ngenxa yezinhlobo ezahlukene zensimbi.Isibonelo, insimbi eqinile engenalutho ingaqiniswa ngezinga lokupholisa elifana nelejwayelekile.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Apr-20-2022